From owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Mon Jun 7 21:29:23 1999 Received: from majordom@svin12.win.tue.nl [131.155.71.135] by svin04.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id VAA00904 (ESMTP). Mon, 7 Jun 1999 21:29:22 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from majordom@localhost by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for discovery-list id UAA06340. Mon, 7 Jun 1999 20:50:02 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@svbs01 [131.155.69.3] by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id UAA06332 (ESMTP). Mon, 7 Jun 1999 20:49:41 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@fx1.eastcoastfx.com [209.47.225.4] by svbs01.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id UAA24279 (ESMTP). Mon, 7 Jun 1999 20:49:39 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from Pinetree.acesscable.net (CDR12-128.accesscable.net [24.138.12.128]) by fx1.eastcoastfx.com (8.8.5/8.8.7) with SMTP id QAA17247 for ; Mon, 7 Jun 1999 16:37:39 -0300 Message-ID: <375AD150.7864@cd-books.com> Date: Sun, 06 Jun 1999 15:51:44 -0400 From: Bosko Loncarevic Organization: Pinetree Information Technology X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: discovery@win.tue.nl Subject: [EXP] Franklin's First Expedition Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Precedence: bulk Reply-To: discovery@win.tue.nl Status: RO A couple of months ago I asked this list for help in compiling a "Publication History" of Franklin's 1823 "Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea". I have been able to track down information about 12 publications and have posted them at: http://www.cd-books.com/Mainpage/Frank1/fr1bibli.html The citation for the German edition may not be complete. Also there was French edition in 1820's but I do not have a citation for it. Were there other European edition at the time or later (Russian, Italian, etc ?). Further help will be appreciated again. -- Cheers, b. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Dr. Bosko Loncarevic, P. Eng. - CD-Academia Books (a Division of PINETREE I.T.) Web site: http://www.cd-books.com/ Phone: 902-468-3392 Fax: 902-468-6865 s-mail: Suite 302-780 Windmill Road, DARTMOUTH, NS, B3B 1T3 From owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Wed Jun 9 14:57:53 1999 Received: from majordom@svin12.win.tue.nl [131.155.71.135] by svin04.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id OAA01874 (ESMTP). Wed, 9 Jun 1999 14:57:51 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from majordom@localhost by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for discovery-list id OAA16578. Wed, 9 Jun 1999 14:54:23 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@svin07 [131.155.70.232] by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id OAA16572 (ESMTP). Wed, 9 Jun 1999 14:54:15 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from smtp2.erols.com [207.172.3.235] by svin07.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id OAA22173 (ESMTP). Wed, 9 Jun 1999 14:54:13 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from sanderva (209-122-220-183.s437.tnt5.lnh.md.dialup.rcn.com [209.122.220.183]) by smtp2.erols.com (8.8.8/8.8.5) with SMTP id IAA11454 for ; Wed, 9 Jun 1999 08:57:02 -0400 (EDT) Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990609085219.0069e2ec@pop.erols.com> X-Sender: sanderva@pop.erols.com X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.2 (32) -- [Cornell Modified] Date: Wed, 09 Jun 1999 08:52:19 -0400 To: From: Jeanne & Tom Sander Subject: [EXP] North is Up? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/enriched; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Sender: owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Precedence: bulk Reply-To: discovery@win.tue.nl Status: RO http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPlate/1999-06/09/070l-060999-idx.html That is the site that contains the article appearing in today's HORIZON= Section of The Washington Post (Wed June 9, 1999). Horizon is a monthly= "Learning Section." ABSTRACT: North Is Up? By William C. Burton You use maps all the time. And on the highway map in your car, the topographic map in your backpack and the world map on your wall, north = is almost always at the top. TEXT North Is Up? By William C. Burton Special to The Washington Post Wednesday, June 9, 1999; Page H03=20 You use maps all the time. And on the highway map in your car, the topographic map in your backpack and the world map on your wall, north is almost always at the top. Why? It is, after all, a completely arbitrary choice. There is no "up" or "down" in space. And the only factor that determines the "top" of a map is the way the type is placed. So how did we get stuck with the north-up orientation? The answer can be found in a brief tour through the history of maps. Cartography, the science of map making, was established through the efforts of early scholars such as Eratosthenes, head of the library in Alexandria, Egypt, in the 3rd century B.C. He used simple trigonometry to calculate the world's circumference by measuring the angular difference in noonday shadows at two places a known distance apart. Eratosthenes realized that, for cartographic purposes, the globe could be depicted as if a grid of "parallels" (lines of latitude) and "meridians"= (lines of longitude) were laid over it. Although the magnetic compass would not come into use for another thousand years, certain parallels with an east-west trend already were well established through celestial observations. These included the "equinoctial line" (the equator), the "Summer Tropic" (Tropic of Cancer) and the "Winter Tropic" (Tropic of Capricorn). To these, Eratosthenes added the concept of meridians with a north-south trend. But Eratosthenes drew his parallels and meridians to intersect known places of the world, mostly around the Mediterranean; consequently, the lines were spaced irregularly. In the following century, the Greek astronomer Hipparchus made the point that this grid should be geometrically regular, a true system of latitude and longitude. That concept led to one of the most influential of all cartographers, Ptolemy. Like Eratosthenes, Ptolemy was a Greek who lived in Alexandria. None of his maps has survived. But Geographia, his great contribution to cartography, lists the latitude and longitude of all important places in the world as they were known then. That allowed later map makers to reconstruct his world view. Ptolemy invented the concept of the atlas, in which the world is subdivided into a series of maps. The modern word, however, comes from the later practice of decorating maps with an image of the mythological titan Atlas holding up the world. Ptolemy recognized a problem in portraying Earth's spherical surface on a flat sheet. So he devised the first real map "projection," with north at the top [Figure 1]. Why north up? In Ptolemy's projection, the habitable world -- particularly the Mediterranean region -- extended in an east-west direction in the northern hemisphere. Most of the equatorial region and southern hemisphere was considered uninhabitable and occupied by monsters. In addition, convergence of the meridians toward the top of the map may have been aesthetically more pleasing. Perhaps also, as Lee De Cola of the U.S. Geological Survey points out, a globe with most of the areas of interest on its lower half would be harder= to use, and Ptolemy's projection was created with a globe in mind. But that didn't set the standard. In Europe during the Middle Ages, Christian doctrines guided much of the thought and scholarly work. Maps of the time, known as mappaemundi, portray the world as a circle with Jerusalem in the center and east at the top, in the presumed direction of= the garden of Eden [Figure 2]. The traditional importance of east as a direction is reflected in the verb "orient," whose original meaning is "to place facing the east" (from the= Latin word for "rising," as in sunrise) -- a common element, for example, of medieval cathedral design. By the 15th century, Europeans were gaining a truer sense of the world through exploration. The state-of-the-art 1459 world map by the Italian monk Fra Mauro was still circular but, for the first time, correctly showed the Indian Ocean connecting with the Atlantic around the Horn of Africa. On this map, south is to the top, perhaps reflecting the influence of= Islamic maps made centuries earlier. In contrast to these world maps, whose creators commonly had religious or cosmological considerations foremost in their minds, another class of map was developed by the 14th century. They, too, had a variety of orientations. Known as "portolan" or "portolano" charts from the Latin word for harbor or entrance, they focused on the correct depiction of coastlines, a very= real concern to maritime traders of the Mediterranean and North Atlantic. The portolan chart, sometimes drawn on animal skin for durability, was designed for use with a magnetic compass. Its offshore areas were covered with radiating direction or "rhumb" (compass point) lines that permitted accurate marine navigation anywhere on the map. The coastlines on some Mediterranean charts are quite modern in their accuracy, whereas those of more distant places are less so. And, as seen in this 1547 portolan chart of the East Coast of North America [Figure 3], north-to-the-top still was not the predominant orientation. But it soon would be. In the 15th century, scholars "rediscovered" Ptolemy's work. Maps depicting his north-up perspective were reconstructed from his text and widely distributed with the help of the newly invented printing press. Then came Flemish geographer Gerardus Mercator (1512-94) and his famous projection. Mercator's 1569 map was an enormous boon to mariners because compass headings could be plotted as straight lines. Incidentally, it put north to the top. To be sure, many maps that are produced are not north-up. Australians, for example, frequently use south-up versions. But over time, the rise in popularity of the scientific method, with its emphasis on reproducible results and standardization, helped to make other orientations increasingly less frequent. Eventually, a single cartographic convention came to predominate -- that of a 2nd-century Egyptian way ahead of his time. William C. Burton is a geologist with the U.S. Geological Survey. For questions about maps, inquire at the Earth Science Information Center (1-888-ASK-USGS or esicmail@usgs.gov) or the USGS Library (703-648-4302 or library@usgs.gov). Further reading: Harley, J.B., and Woodward, David. The History of Cartography. University of Chicago Press, 1987. Brown, Lloyd A. The Story of Maps. Bonanza Books, 1949. Holmes, Nigel. Pictorial maps. Watson-Guptil Publications, 1991. =A9 Copyright 1999 The Washington Post Company ---excuse cross posting--- =20 *************************************************** Thomas F. Sander Phone (703) 426-2880 Editor, The Portolan Fax (703) 426-2881 Washington Map Society P. O. Box 10793 E-mail Sanderva@erols.com Burke, VA 22009-0793 USA Web Sites: Wash Map Soc: http://www.cyberia.com/pages/jdocktor/washmap.htm The Portolan: http://www.cyberia.com/pages/jdocktor/portolan.htm ***************************************************
"Without geography, you're nowhere."
From owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Sun Jun 20 17:23:47 1999 Received: from majordom@svin12 [131.155.71.135] by svfile1.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id RAA11714 (ESMTP). Sun, 20 Jun 1999 17:23:47 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from majordom@localhost by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for discovery-list id RAA07165. Sun, 20 Jun 1999 17:21:01 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@svin01 [131.155.70.70] by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id RAA07161 (ESMTP). Sun, 20 Jun 1999 17:20:55 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@delftnet.nl [194.229.15.1] by svin01.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id RAA18988 (ESMTP). Sun, 20 Jun 1999 17:20:54 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from Rene2 (11dyn31.delft.casema.net [212.64.18.31]) by delftnet.nl (8.8.2/8.7.3) with SMTP id RAA22177 for ; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 17:20:49 +0200 Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990620171433.006a53c4@delftnet.nl> X-Sender: pvdk@delftnet.nl X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.2 (32) Date: Sun, 20 Jun 1999 17:14:33 +0200 To: discovery@win.tue.nl From: Peter van der Krogt Subject: [EXP] To Andre Engels Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Precedence: bulk Reply-To: discovery@win.tue.nl Status: ROr Sorry to bother the whole list, but I tried to e-mail the list-owner without success. Andre: ik wilde je een prive-email sturen, maar zowel engels@win.tue.nl als engels@win.tue.nl worden teruggekaatst met de mededeling "Returned mail: User unknown" Heb je een nieuw adres? Peter ______________________________________________________ Visit & Bookmark: MapHist WWW Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/maphist.htm Coronelli Society Home Page: http://ezines.onb.ac.at:8080/coronelli/ My Own Home Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/krogt.htm Genealogy Page: http://www.delftnet.nl/~pvdk/ Columbus Monuments Page: http://www.casema.net/~krogt/columbus/ & the Forum HES page: http://www.forum-hes.nl/ YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Dr Peter van der Krogt Map Historian, Explokart Research Program Faculty of Geographical Sciences, University of Utrecht P.O. Box 80.115 3508 TC UTRECHT, The Netherlands e-mail: p.vanderkrogt@geog.uu.nl and pvdk@delftnet.nl Fax +31 15 212 6063 YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY PER ANGUSTA AD AUGUSTA YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY From owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Mon Jun 21 00:01:54 1999 Received: from majordom@svin12 [131.155.71.135] by svfile1.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id AAA15643 (ESMTP). Mon, 21 Jun 1999 00:01:54 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from majordom@localhost by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for discovery-list id AAA08619. Mon, 21 Jun 1999 00:00:10 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@svin01 [131.155.70.70] by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id AAA08615 (ESMTP). Mon, 21 Jun 1999 00:00:04 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from [193.154.160.146] by svin01.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id AAA20679 (ESMTP). Mon, 21 Jun 1999 00:00:03 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from eunet.at (e017.dynamic.Vienna.AT.EU.net [193.154.184.17]) by relay8.Austria.EU.net (8.9.1/8.9.1) with ESMTP id XAA05711 for ; Sun, 20 Jun 1999 23:59:58 +0200 (MET DST) Message-ID: <376D6462.27AD256A@eunet.at> Date: Mon, 21 Jun 1999 00:00:02 +0200 From: HFK Organization: Castaway Network Systems X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.05 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: discovery@win.tue.nl Subject: Re: [EXP] To Andre Engels References: <3.0.2.32.19990620171433.006a53c4@delftnet.nl> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Precedence: bulk Reply-To: discovery@win.tue.nl Status: RO Thanks for this interesting information ! Peter van der Krogt wrote: > Sorry to bother the whole list, but I tried to e-mail the list-owner > without success. > > Andre: ik wilde je een prive-email sturen, maar zowel engels@win.tue.nl als > engels@win.tue.nl worden teruggekaatst met de mededeling "Returned mail: > User unknown" > > Heb je een nieuw adres? > > Peter > > ______________________________________________________ > Visit & Bookmark: > MapHist WWW Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/maphist.htm > Coronelli Society Home Page: http://ezines.onb.ac.at:8080/coronelli/ > My Own Home Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/krogt.htm > Genealogy Page: http://www.delftnet.nl/~pvdk/ > Columbus Monuments Page: http://www.casema.net/~krogt/columbus/ > & the Forum HES page: http://www.forum-hes.nl/ > > YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY > Dr Peter van der Krogt > Map Historian, Explokart Research Program > Faculty of Geographical Sciences, University of Utrecht > P.O. Box 80.115 > 3508 TC UTRECHT, The Netherlands > e-mail: p.vanderkrogt@geog.uu.nl and pvdk@delftnet.nl > Fax +31 15 212 6063 > YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY PER ANGUSTA AD AUGUSTA YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY --------------------------------------------- Arctic and Antarctic Advice Agency Austria http://members.EUnet.at/castaway --------------------------------------------- From owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Mon Jun 21 08:58:32 1999 Received: from majordom@svin12 [131.155.71.135] by svfile1.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id IAA21402 (ESMTP). Mon, 21 Jun 1999 08:58:32 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from majordom@localhost by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for discovery-list id IAA09780. Mon, 21 Jun 1999 08:55:43 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@svin01 [131.155.70.70] by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id IAA09776 (ESMTP). Mon, 21 Jun 1999 08:55:37 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@delftnet.nl [194.229.15.1] by svin01.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id IAA27501 (ESMTP). Mon, 21 Jun 1999 08:55:35 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from Rene2 (11dyn243.delft.casema.net [212.64.18.243]) by delftnet.nl (8.8.2/8.7.3) with SMTP id IAA26578 for ; Mon, 21 Jun 1999 08:55:36 +0200 Message-Id: <3.0.2.32.19990621084905.006c37d4@delftnet.nl> X-Sender: pvdk@delftnet.nl X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.2 (32) Date: Mon, 21 Jun 1999 08:49:05 +0200 To: discovery@win.tue.nl From: Peter van der Krogt Subject: Re: [EXP] To Andre Engels In-Reply-To: <376D6462.27AD256A@eunet.at> References: <3.0.2.32.19990620171433.006a53c4@delftnet.nl> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Sender: owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Precedence: bulk Reply-To: discovery@win.tue.nl Status: RO I meant to say that I wanted to write a *private* message to Andre Engels, the list-owner of this list. His e-mail seems not to work, that's why I try to reach him via the list. Peter At 00:00 21-06-1999 +0200, you wrote: >Thanks for this interesting information ! > >Peter van der Krogt wrote: > >> Sorry to bother the whole list, but I tried to e-mail the list-owner >> without success. >> >> Andre: ik wilde je een prive-email sturen, maar zowel engels@win.tue.nl als >> engels@win.tue.nl worden teruggekaatst met de mededeling "Returned mail: >> User unknown" >> >> Heb je een nieuw adres? >> >> Peter >> >> ______________________________________________________ >> Visit & Bookmark: >> MapHist WWW Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/maphist.htm >> Coronelli Society Home Page: http://ezines.onb.ac.at:8080/coronelli/ >> My Own Home Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/krogt.htm >> Genealogy Page: http://www.delftnet.nl/~pvdk/ >> Columbus Monuments Page: http://www.casema.net/~krogt/columbus/ >> & the Forum HES page: http://www.forum-hes.nl/ >> >> YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY >> Dr Peter van der Krogt >> Map Historian, Explokart Research Program >> Faculty of Geographical Sciences, University of Utrecht >> P.O. Box 80.115 >> 3508 TC UTRECHT, The Netherlands >> e-mail: p.vanderkrogt@geog.uu.nl and pvdk@delftnet.nl >> Fax +31 15 212 6063 >> YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY PER ANGUSTA AD AUGUSTA YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY > > >--------------------------------------------- >Arctic and Antarctic Advice Agency Austria > http://members.EUnet.at/castaway >--------------------------------------------- > > > ______________________________________________________ Visit & Bookmark: MapHist WWW Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/maphist.htm Coronelli Society Home Page: http://ezines.onb.ac.at:8080/coronelli/ My Own Home Page: http://kartoserver.geog.uu.nl/HTML/STAFF/krogt/krogt.htm Genealogy Page: http://www.delftnet.nl/~pvdk/ Columbus Monuments Page: http://www.casema.net/~krogt/columbus/ & the Forum HES page: http://www.forum-hes.nl/ YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY Dr Peter van der Krogt Map Historian, Explokart Research Program Faculty of Geographical Sciences, University of Utrecht P.O. Box 80.115 3508 TC UTRECHT, The Netherlands e-mail: p.vanderkrogt@geog.uu.nl and pvdk@delftnet.nl Fax +31 15 212 6063 YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY PER ANGUSTA AD AUGUSTA YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY From owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Mon Jun 28 22:32:15 1999 Received: from majordom@svin12 [131.155.71.135] by svfile1.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id WAA20479 (ESMTP). Mon, 28 Jun 1999 22:32:15 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from majordom@localhost by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for discovery-list id WAA20317. Mon, 28 Jun 1999 22:28:52 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@svis01 [131.155.70.161] by svin12.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id WAA20313 (ESMTP). Mon, 28 Jun 1999 22:28:46 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from root@fx1.eastcoastfx.com [24.231.7.6] by svis01.win.tue.nl (8.8.7) for id WAA08666 (ESMTP). Mon, 28 Jun 1999 22:28:37 +0200 (MET DST) Received: from Pinetree.acesscable.net (CDR12-128.accesscable.net [24.138.12.128]) by fx1.eastcoastfx.com (8.8.5/8.8.7) with SMTP id SAA21725 for ; Mon, 28 Jun 1999 18:21:56 -0300 Message-ID: <3777E912.2B3C@cd-books.com> Date: Mon, 28 Jun 1999 17:28:50 -0400 From: Bosko Loncarevic Organization: Pinetree Information Technology X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01Gold (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: discovery@win.tue.nl Subject: [EXP] RE: Franklin's Expedition Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sender: owner-discovery@win.tue.nl Precedence: bulk Reply-To: discovery@win.tue.nl Status: RO Recently I came across the Quarterly Review Magazine for January 1823 which carried an extensive (40pp) review of Franklin's "Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea". It is an interesting contemporary view of the impact that Franklin's book had in its time. I have three questions for the list. 1. The issue of the Quarterly Magazine (QM) is dated January 1823 while the illustrations in the book are dated March 1823. Does this mean that the book was published before January 1823 or was QM published later in 1823 ? 2. The review is not signed. I belive that it may have been written by John Barrow but need confirmation. 3. Was the "Narrative fo the Second Expedition ..." also reviewed in QM (sometime in 1828 or later) ? Thanks, list. -- Cheers, b. =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Dr. Bosko Loncarevic, P. Eng. - CD-Academia Books (a Division of PINETREE I.T.) Web site: http://www.cd-books.com/ Phone: 902-468-3392 Fax: 902-468-6865 s-mail: Suite 302-780 Windmill Road, DARTMOUTH, NS, B3B 1T3