Last update: February 15th,
2012.
News:
- February 15th:
Examinations of 2XN26 and 2YN26 (including draft answers) made available.
- January 20th: Reading
guide for 2YN26 available, and expected reading for 2YN26 made final.
- December 4th: The
remaining lectures have been scheduled.
- November 18th:
Allocation of presentations to groups and to dates made.
- November 11th:
Assignments added to the web-site.
- November 9th:
Examination of 2XN26 (including draft answers) made available.
- October 19th:
Reading guide for 2XN26 available, and expected reading for 2XN26 made final.
- October 15th: No
lectures on Friday, October 21st. Instead, those lectures will be given
on Wednesday, October 19th.
- September 24th:
Guest lectures by Dr. Isovic in week 8.
No classes on
Wednesday, September 28th.
- September 16th:
Guest lectures by Prof. Hentschel in week 12.
- September 16th:
Exercises-1 available in OASE!
- September 6th: No classes on Wednesday,
September 7th.
The examinations (including draft answers) of (previous years of) 2IN20
(!):
Examinations (including draft answers) of 2IN25 (!):
Examinations (including draft answers) of 2IN26:
·
2010/2011: November
3rd, 2010 (2XN26), January 20th,
2011 (reprise 2XN26), January
20th, 2011 (2YN26), April
11th, 2011 (reprise 2YN26).
·
2011/2012: November
1st, 2011 (2XN26), January
23rd, 2012 (reprise 2XN26), January
23rd, 2012 (2YN26), April
16th, 2012 (reprise 2YN26).
Notes:
·
2IN20 is a 4 ECTS credits BaMa
predecessor of 2IN26.
·
2IN25 is a 5 ECTS credits BaMa
predecessor of 2IN26.
The course addresses basic concepts of real-time
systems, presents examples of real-time systems, covers real-time systems
analysis and design, and gives an in-depth treatment of timing analysis and
scheduling. The course is organized around the issue of real-time requirements
and their impact on the architecture of a system. The considered system domain
will be networked embedded systems. Applications are drawn from automotive
domain (e.g. real-time control) and multi-media applications, such as video
streaming.
This year, there
are 16 weeks of regular lectures, divided in 2 quartiles. Some parts of the
lectures will be used for small exercises which will be given as homework
assignments. Students are expected to
make those assignments prior to the lecture and will be invited to present
their solutions during the lecture. The course is completed by passing both
partial examinations and doing an obligatory assignment. The assignment
involves studying one or more articles (or doing a practical work), writing a
report, and giving a presentation. The assignment can be done with groups of 4
or 5 students. These groups must hand in their own, original work, reported by
themselves.
On this site the
current status of the course will be maintained in terms of the contents, and
expected reading. Assignments and presented slides will only be available from StudyWeb.
Course objectives (high-level):
The objective of this course is to
bring students into the position to analyze and (partially) design real-time
systems, and conduct research in the area of real-time systems.
Course objectives (lower-level):
The student can:
(i)
explain
and apply the fundamental concepts and terminology of real-time systems;
(ii)
explain
and address the fundamental problems of real-time systems;
(iii)
analyze
real-time systems designs;
(iv)
design
a real-time system (at least partially); and
(v)
identify and assess the relevant literature and research
trends of real-time systems.
Course program (see last
year’s 2IN26 course for a preliminary course program)
Quartile 1 (September 5th, 2011 – November 12th, 2011):
Week 1 (07-09): No classes!
(09-09): RTS.A1-Overview,
RTS.A1-Introduction;
Week 2 (14-09): No classes!
(16-09):
RTS.B3-Specification-concepts, RTS.D0-Water-Vessel, RTS.B3-Reference Model;
Week 3 (21-09): RTS.Exercises-1;
(23-09): RTS.B3-Reference
Model (cnt’d), RTS.B4-Policies-1
Week 4 (28-09): No classes!
(30-09):
RTS.B5-Analysis-1-Basics, RTS.B5-Analysis-2-FPPS;
Week 5 (05-10):
RTS.Exercises-1 (cnt’d), RTS.Exercises-2;
(07-10): RTS.B5-Analysis-2-FPPS (cnt’d),
RTS.B4-Policies-2-FP-servers;
Week 6 (12-10):
RTS.Exercises-2 (cnt’d), Exercises-3;
(14-10): Rehearse analysis
(basics and FPPS), RTS.B4-Policies-2-FP-servers (cnt’d), RTS.B4-Policies-RAP.
Week 7 (19-10): RTS.B4-Policies-RAP (cnt’d),
RTS.B5-Analysis-5-FPPS-extensions, RTS.B5-Analysis-6-FPPS-arbitrary-deadlines
(21-10): No classes!
Week 8 (26-10):
Guest-lecture by Dr.
Damir Isovic from the Mälardalen
University of Västerås, Sweden.
(28-10): No classes (study information days)!
Week 9 (02-11): No classes (examination week)!
(04-11): No classes (examination week)!
Week 10 (09-11): No classes (examination week)!
(11-11): No classes (examination week)!
Quartile 2 (November 14th, 2011– February 4th, 2012):
Week 11 (16-11):
Registration for assignments, Discussion about 2XN26 Exam.,
Exercises-5, Exercises-6, and Exercises-8
(18-11): RTS.B5-Analysis-6-FPPS-arbitrary-deadlines (cnt’d), RTS.B5-Analysis-7-FPDS
Week 12 (23-11):
guest lectures by Prof.Dr.-Ing.habil. C. Hentschel from the Brandenburg University of
Technology of Cottbus, Germany.
(25-11): guest lectures by Prof.Dr.-Ing.habil. C. Hentschel from the Brandenburg University of
Technology of Cottbus, Germany.
Week 13 (30-11):
RTS.D1 QoS for MCTs
(02-12):
RTS.Exercises-7-FPDS+solutions, RTS.B5-Analysis-8-FPDS-pessimistic,
RTS.B5-Analysis-9-practical factors
Week 14 (07-12): No classes
(09-12): RTS.B5-RT
Communication
Week 15 (14-12): No
lectures (granting additional preparation time for assignments and
presentations)
(16-12): No lectures
(granting additional preparation time for assignments and presentations)
Week 16 (21-12):
Student presentations (Groups 6, 2, 9): Analysis for H-FPPS – independent
application s
(23-12): Student
presentations (Groups 7, 15, 12): Implementation of H-FPPS – independent
applications
Week 17 (28-12): No classes (Christmas Holidays)!
(30-12): No classes (Christmas Holidays)!
Week 18 (04-01): No classes (Christmas Holidays)!
(06-01): No classes (Christmas Holidays)!
Week 19 (11-01):
Student presentations (Groups 10, 8, 3): Swift mode changes based on FPPS &
SRP (2010/2011) and Threshold scheduling
(13-01): Student
presentations (Groups 14, 1, 4): Analysis for H-FPPS – dependent applications
Week 20 (18-01):
Student presentations (Groups 11, 13, 5): Implementation of synchronization in
H-FPPS
(20-01): No classes (study information days)!
Week 21 (25-01): No classes (examination week)!
(27-01): No classes (examination week)!
Week 22 (01-02): No classes (examination week)!
(03-02): No classes (examination week)!
RTA Reading guides:
·
2011/2012: 2XN26
·
2011/2012: 2YN26.
Time &
Location:
|
Quartile \ Day |
Wednesday: 8.45 – 10.30 |
Friday: 13.45 – 15.30 |
|
1 & 2 |
HELIX 1 |
LaPlace-1.19 |
|
Exception: |
Auditorium 2 |
Examination: There will be two partial
exams, the first one 2XN26 in Semester A in
October/November 2011 and the second one 2YN26 in January 2012. There will be a
reprise for both partial examinations. You are not allowed to take any information with you to the examination!
Next to the exam, there will be an assignment.
Visualization
tools
·
Realtime
Assignments: Not making this is failing. There will be no acceptance after the examination
date of the second partial exam. You are expected to work in teams.
·
Guidelines
for RTS assignments
·
1.
Analysis for H-FPPS - independent applications
·
2.
Analysis for H-FPPS – dependent applications
·
3.
Implementation of H-FPPS with independent tasks
·
4.
Implementation of synchronization in H-FPPS
Lecturers:
R.J.Bril (main lecturer)
HG 5.09, tel.: 5412
Guest
lecturers:
Book: G.C. Buttazzo, “Hard
real-time computing systems, predictable scheduling – algorithms and
applications”, Springer, 2005, ISBN 0-387-23137-4 (2nd edition).
Related slides: http://feanor.sssup.it/~giorgio/slides/realtime/;
Errata: http://feanor.sssup.it/~giorgio/errata-HRT2.pdf.
Additional errata: Errata.
Expected reading:
·
For 2XN26 (final):
[1]
Risk Forum: What really happened on Mars Rover Pathfinder, December 1997.
[2]
R.J. Bril, E.F.M. Steffens, and W.F.J. Verhaegh, Best-case response times and jitter analysis
of real-time tasks, Journal of Scheduling, 7(2): 133-147, 2004.
[3] D. Polock and D. Zoebel,Conformance
testing of priority inheritance protocols, In: Proc. 7th IEEE
International Conference on Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
(RTCSA), pp. 404-408, December 2000.
[4] J.A. Stankovic,
Real-Time Computing, Byte, pp. 155 –
160, August 1992.
[5] M. Stanovich,
T.P. Baker, A.I. Wang, and M. González Harbour, Defects of the POSIX Sporadic Server and How to
Correct Them, In: Proc. 16th IEEE RTAS, pp. 35 – 45, April 2010.
·
In addition for 2YN26:
[6] L. Almeida and P. Peidreiras, Scheduling
with temporal partitions: response-time analysis and server design, In: Proc. 4th ACM International Conference on
Embedded Software (EMSOFT), pp. 95 - 103, September 2004.
[7] M. Behnam, Insik Shin,
T. Nolte, and M. Nolin, SIRAP: A
synchronization protocol for hierarchical resource sharing in real-time open
systems, In: Proc. 7th ACM & IEEE International Conference
on Embedded Software (EMSOFT), pp. 279 – 288, September 2004.
[8] M. Bertogna,
N. Fisher, and S. Baruah. Static-priority scheduling and resource hold times, In: Proc. 15th
International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Real-Time Systems, pp. 1-8,
March 2007.
[9]
R.I. Davis and A. Burns, Hierarchical Fixed Priority Pre-Emptive Scheduling, In: Proc. 26th
IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS), pp. 389-398, December 2005.
[10]
R.I. Davis and A. Burns, Resource sharing
in Hierarchical Fixed Priority Pre-Emptive Systems, In: Proc. 27th IEEE
Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS), pp. 257-267, December 2006.
[11]
R.I. Davis, A. Burns, R.J. Bril, and J.J. Lukkien, Controller
Area Network (CAN) schedulability analysis: Refuted, revisited and revised,
Real-Time Systems, ISSN 1573-1383 (online), http://www.springerlink.com/content/8n32720737877071/,
January 30th, 2007, ISSN 0922-6443
(print), 35(3): 239-272, April 2007.
[12]
C. Hentschel, R.J.
Bril, Y. Chen, R. Braspenning, and T.-H. Lan, Video Quality-of-Service for consumer terminals - a novel system for
programmable components, In: IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,
49(4): 1367-1377, November 2003.
[13]
I. Shin and I. Lee, Periodic resource model for compositional real-time guarantees, In:
Proc. 24th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS), pp. 2-13,
December 2003.
[14]
L. Steffens, G. Fohler, G. Lipari, and G.
Buttazzo, Resource Reservation in Real-Time Operating Systems – a joint
industrial and academic position, In: Proc.
International Workshop on Advanced Real-Time Operating System Services (ARTOSS),
pp. 25 – 30, July 2003.
Further reading:
[15]
R.J. Bril, J.J. Lukkien, and W.F.J. Verhaegh, Worst-case
response time analysis of real-time tasks under fixed-priority scheduling with
deferred preemption, Real-Time Systems Journal, ISSN 1573-1383 (online), DOI
10.1007/s11241-009-9071-z, http://www.springerlink.com/content/f05r404j63424h27, April 28th,
2009, ISSN 0922-6443 (print), 42(1-3): 63 – 119, August 2009.
[16]
G.C. Buttazzo, Rate Monotonic vs. EDF:
Judgment Day, Real-Time Systems, 29(1): 5 – 26, 2005.
[17]
M.
[18]
J. Goossens and R. Devillers,
The non-optimality of the monotonic priority assignments for hard real-time
offset free systems, Real-Time Systems, 13(2): 107-126, September 1997.
[19]
A.M. Groba, A.
Alonso, J.A. Rodriques, M.
Garcia Valls, Response time of streaming chains:
analysis and results, In: Proc. 14th IEEE Euromicro
Conference on Real-Time Systems, pp. 182 – 189, 2002.
[21]
M.H. Klein, T. Ralya,
B. Pollak, R. Obenza, and
M. González Harbour, A
Practitioner’s Handbook for Real-Time Analysis: Guide to Rate Monotonic
Analysis for Real-Time Systems, Kluwer Academic
Publishers (KAP), 1993.
[22]
J.W.S. Liu, Real-Time Systems, Prentice Hall, 2000.
[23]
C.W. Mercer and S. Savage and H. Tokuda, Processor Capability Reserves: Operating System
Support for Multimedia Applications, In: Proc. International Conference on
Multimedia Computing and Systems (ICMCS), pp. 90-99, May 1994.
[24]
R. Obenza, Guaranteeing real-time
performance using RMA, Embedded Systems Programming, pp. 26-40, 1994.
[25]
R. Rajkumar and K. Juvva and A. Molano and S. Oikawa, Resource Kernels: A
Resource-Centric Approach to Real-Time and Multimedia Systems, In: Proc.
SPIE Vol. 3310, Conference on Multimedia Computing and Networking, pp. 150-164,
January 1998.
[26]
D. Zoebel and P. Polock
and A. van Arkel, Testing for the Conformance of
Real-time Protocols Implemented by Operating Systems, Electronic Notes in
Theoretical Computer Science, Vol. 133, pp. 315- 332, May 2005. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/15710661